A note by Jonatan A. Lassa on Toineke’s evolution in the last 20 years. These pictures are the supplements for the article by Lassa, J. Boli, Y., Nakmofa, Y., Ofong, A., Fanggidae, S. and Leonis, H. 2018. Twenty years of community-based disaster risk reduction experience from a dryland village in Indonesia. Journal of Disaster Studies (JAMBA) Vol 10 Issue 1, 502e, doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v10i1.502 See also List of flood events in Toineke Since 1940s-2016.
Picture 1 and 6 show status quo in flood risk management in Toineke village back in early 2000s till the first decade of 21st Century, where most most households practiced like what is seen in Picture 1.
There are incremental changes as part of long term evolution of flood management in Toineke Village, South Central Timor, Indonesia as can be seen in Picture 2-5. Early explanation of this evolution can be found in Nakmofa and Lassa 2009.